Dyspepsia Treatment, Cause, Diagnosis & Complication
Every man must have experienced abdominal pain. Both light and heavy. Often we consider it as stomach ulcers, or what is known in medicine as dyspepsia (because the term “ulcer” in Latin means stomach). Symptoms of heartburn can mimic gastric injury. Deep wounds called ulcers. Peptic ulcers are caused by high gastric acid production and irritated by bacteria found in the stomach. There are two kinds of major abnormalities in the stomach, namely the functional disorders and organic disorders.
Functional abnormalities, is more associated with impaired gastric function, no change in gastric organ anatomy during clinical examination, biochemical, until the other investigation like ultrasound, endoscopy, x-rays, or CT scan. Abdominal symptoms of nausea, like vomiting, heartburn, stomach feels full, belching, early satiety, abdominal rumbling, until frequent flatulence. This disorder is the most disorder that ordinary people regarded as ulcer disorders.
Organic disorders characterized by anatomical abnormalities that can be seen during endoscopic examination. The form can vary, ranging from inflammation or red image of the stomach, blisters, sores, polyps, and the most severe is the tumor. In more severe cases of blood vomiting or bloody bowel movements, you can be sure that there is a chronic disorder of the stomach. To further confirm it, to do a series of starting from an endoscopic examination, gastric mucosa biopsy histopathology, culture test, and rapid urea test.
Cause
Injury in the stomach is a serious disease. If left unchecked, wounds in the stomach can trigger cancer. Stomach ulcers can be caused by many things, among others:
* Medicine for pain relief that is irritating to the stomach, such as rheumatic drugs and aspirin can cause stomach wounds. Use persistent can cause peptic ulcers (peptic ulcer). However, for someone who has a weak stomach, just to drink this medicine alone can cause gastric injury. These sores can be life-threatening if it causes tears to the stomach wall.
* Foods that are too spicy, too sour, alcohol, and soda can lead to stomach irritation and sores.
* The bacteria Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) can also cause gastric injury. It’s unclear how the bacteria are transmitted. Suspected transmission occurs through the oral route or from foods that contaminated. Bacterial infections often occur in children and can last a lifetime if not treated.
Complication
The most serious complication is the increased risk of gastric cancer, especially if there are continuous depletion and alteration of gastric cells. This cancer develops slowly in immune system tissue in the stomach wall. If it is discovered in the early stages, this cancer can be cured.
Diagnosis
In patients suspected of a disturbance in the stomach, can be a variety of additional checks including:
* Blood tests, to see the presence of antibodies H. pylori in blood. Positive test results showed the patient had contact with the bacteria, but not necessarily infected.
* Examination of respiratory, these tests can determine whether patients infected with H. pylori or not.
* Checking the stool, to keep track of exact bacterium H. pylori and also whether there is blood in the stool.
* Endoscopic upper gastrointestinal tract. This test can see abnormalities in the upper gastrointestinal tract directly. If there is a presence of suspicious tissue, then biopsy action must be taken.
Treatment
In order to prevent the recurrence of disease, eradication of H. pylori should be thoroughly carried out (eradication). H. pylori worldwide Congress in Sydney in 1990 agreed to declare the treatment can be done with three-drug treatment is tetracycline (TC), metronidazole (MNZ), and amoxicillin (AMPC) or clarithromycin (CAM). But because some of the drugs must be taken together, there is often cause allergic reactions. Therefore, Japan and other countries since 1994, more frequent use of AMPC and CAM in combination with a proton-pump inhibitor (PPI). PPI is used for pH (acidity level) in the digestive near neutral, and two types of antibiotics were not working actively in gastric acidity. End of 1994, Italy announced the medical world that the normal dose of PPI and CAM plus antiprotozoal for one week will result in up to 90% eradication.
Patients with stomach wounds that do not heal should be checked more thoroughly. Ulcer disease is a common disease that usually can be cured with medication type antacid. But if not healed in 2 weeks, it should be examined further.
Functional abnormalities, is more associated with impaired gastric function, no change in gastric organ anatomy during clinical examination, biochemical, until the other investigation like ultrasound, endoscopy, x-rays, or CT scan. Abdominal symptoms of nausea, like vomiting, heartburn, stomach feels full, belching, early satiety, abdominal rumbling, until frequent flatulence. This disorder is the most disorder that ordinary people regarded as ulcer disorders.
Organic disorders characterized by anatomical abnormalities that can be seen during endoscopic examination. The form can vary, ranging from inflammation or red image of the stomach, blisters, sores, polyps, and the most severe is the tumor. In more severe cases of blood vomiting or bloody bowel movements, you can be sure that there is a chronic disorder of the stomach. To further confirm it, to do a series of starting from an endoscopic examination, gastric mucosa biopsy histopathology, culture test, and rapid urea test.
Cause
Injury in the stomach is a serious disease. If left unchecked, wounds in the stomach can trigger cancer. Stomach ulcers can be caused by many things, among others:
* Medicine for pain relief that is irritating to the stomach, such as rheumatic drugs and aspirin can cause stomach wounds. Use persistent can cause peptic ulcers (peptic ulcer). However, for someone who has a weak stomach, just to drink this medicine alone can cause gastric injury. These sores can be life-threatening if it causes tears to the stomach wall.
* Foods that are too spicy, too sour, alcohol, and soda can lead to stomach irritation and sores.
* The bacteria Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori) can also cause gastric injury. It’s unclear how the bacteria are transmitted. Suspected transmission occurs through the oral route or from foods that contaminated. Bacterial infections often occur in children and can last a lifetime if not treated.
Complication
The most serious complication is the increased risk of gastric cancer, especially if there are continuous depletion and alteration of gastric cells. This cancer develops slowly in immune system tissue in the stomach wall. If it is discovered in the early stages, this cancer can be cured.
Diagnosis
In patients suspected of a disturbance in the stomach, can be a variety of additional checks including:
* Blood tests, to see the presence of antibodies H. pylori in blood. Positive test results showed the patient had contact with the bacteria, but not necessarily infected.
* Examination of respiratory, these tests can determine whether patients infected with H. pylori or not.
* Checking the stool, to keep track of exact bacterium H. pylori and also whether there is blood in the stool.
* Endoscopic upper gastrointestinal tract. This test can see abnormalities in the upper gastrointestinal tract directly. If there is a presence of suspicious tissue, then biopsy action must be taken.
Treatment
In order to prevent the recurrence of disease, eradication of H. pylori should be thoroughly carried out (eradication). H. pylori worldwide Congress in Sydney in 1990 agreed to declare the treatment can be done with three-drug treatment is tetracycline (TC), metronidazole (MNZ), and amoxicillin (AMPC) or clarithromycin (CAM). But because some of the drugs must be taken together, there is often cause allergic reactions. Therefore, Japan and other countries since 1994, more frequent use of AMPC and CAM in combination with a proton-pump inhibitor (PPI). PPI is used for pH (acidity level) in the digestive near neutral, and two types of antibiotics were not working actively in gastric acidity. End of 1994, Italy announced the medical world that the normal dose of PPI and CAM plus antiprotozoal for one week will result in up to 90% eradication.
Patients with stomach wounds that do not heal should be checked more thoroughly. Ulcer disease is a common disease that usually can be cured with medication type antacid. But if not healed in 2 weeks, it should be examined further.
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